| $\pi$ | pi | $\pi \approx 3.14$ | pi approximately 3 point 14 |
| $\hat{x}$ | x hat | $\hat{x} = 5$ | x hat equals 5 |
| $x^2$ | x squared | $x^2 + y^2 = z^2$ | x squared plus y squared equals z squared |
| $x_n$ | x sub n | $x_n = \frac{1}{n}$ | x sub n equals one over n |
| $\sum$ | summation | $\sum_{i=1}^n i$ | summation from i equals 1 to n of i |
| $\int$ | integral | $\int_0^1 x,dx$ | integral from 0 to 1 of x dx |
| $\infty$ | infinity | $\lim_{x \to \infty} f(x)$ | limit as x approaches infinity of f of x |
| $\lim$ | limit | $\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\sin x}{x}$ | limit as x approaches 0 of sin x over x |
| $\forall$ | for all | $\forall x \in \mathbb{R}$ | for all x in real numbers |
| $\exists$ | there exists | $\exists x > 0$ | there exists x greater than zero |
| $\equiv$ | is congruent to | $a \equiv b \pmod{n}$ | a is congruent to b modulo n |
| $\to$ | approaches / tends to | $x \to 0$ | x approaches zero |
| $\approx$ | approximately equals | $\pi \approx 3.14$ | pi approximately equals 3 point 14 |
| $\nabla$ | del / gradient | $\nabla f(x,y)$ | gradient of f at x y |
| $\cdot$ | dot | $a \cdot b$ | a dot b |
| $\times$ | times / cross | $\vec{a} \times \vec{b}$ | vector a cross vector b |
| $\Rightarrow$ | implies | $P \Rightarrow Q$ | P implies Q |
| $\leftarrow$ | left arrow | $x \leftarrow y$ | x left arrow y |
| $\neq$ | not equal | $x \neq y$ | x not equal y |
| $\leq$ | less than or equal to | $x \leq y$ | x less than or equal to y |
| $\geq$ | greater than or equal to | $x \geq y$ | x greater than or equal to y |
| $\subset$ | is subset of | $A \subset B$ | A is subset of B |
| $\supset$ | is superset of | $B \supset A$ | B is superset of A |
| $\cup$ | union | $A \cup B$ | A union B |
| $\cap$ | intersection | $A \cap B$ | A intersection B |
| $\mathbb{R}$ | real numbers | $\mathbb{R}$ | real numbers |
| $\mathbb{N}$ | natural numbers | $\mathbb{N}$ | natural numbers |
| $\partial$ | partial (derivative) | $\frac{\partial f}{\partial x}$ | partial derivative of f with respect to x |
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